Nws zoo li peb txhua tus tau hnov txog qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo uas tshwm sim nrog tib neeg inbreeding. Qhov tseeb, muaj kev cai lij choj tiv thaiv kev yug me nyuam hauv ntau lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb, tab sis tsis muaj kev cai lij choj tiv thaiv dev.
Nws feem ntau hais tias mutts muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntau dua li cov dev pedigree vim yog kev yug me nyuam, tab sis qhov no puas muaj tseeb? Peb mam li tshawb txog cov ins tab sis feem ntau tawm ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm inbreeding dev thiab qhov tshwm sim thaum tib neeg cuam tshuam.
Muaj ntau yam kev tshawb fawb thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm inbreeding floating nyob ib ncig ntawm. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav khaws tsab xov xwm no kom yooj yim li sai tau rau cov ntawm peb lub hlwb kaw dhau qhov kev piav qhia nyuaj ntawm txhua yam.
Yuav ua li cas yog Inbreeding?
Ua ntej peb pib, peb yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab zoo txog kev yug me nyuam. Nyob rau hauv ib lub ntsiab lus, inbreeding yog thaum menyuam dev tau bred los ntawm ob tug dev uas muaj feem xyuam. Cov dev no ib txwm muaj cov txheeb ze sib xws, xws li mating cov kwv tij los yog yug niam txiv nrog lawv cov xeeb ntxwv ua ke.
Qhov no tsim cov dev uas txhua tus yuav luag zoo ib yam, thiab qhov no yog pes tsawg tus dev tam sim no tau los rau hauv lub neej.
Yuav ua li cas txog Linebreeding?
Linebreeding tsis yog qhov hnyav heev li inbreeding. Nws koom nrog kev yug me nyuam dev uas koom tib cov ntshav, xws li yawg nrog tus xeeb ntxwv lossis txiv ntxawm nrog tus muam.
Technically, qhov no tseem yog ib daim ntawv ntawm inbreeding, tab sis cov txheeb ze tsis zoo li hais ncaj qha. Qhov kev xyaum no tsis yog phem heev rau cov dev li inbreeding, tab sis tseem muaj teeb meem uas qoob loo.
Vim li cas Dog Breeders siv Inbreeding?
Nws yog txhua yam hais txog tus qauv yug. Breeders saib xyuas lawv cov dev kom muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov qauv tsim hauv lawv cov dev. Yog hais tias ib tug yug me nyuam muaj ib tug aub uas yog ib tug zoo meej piv txwv ntawm cov yug me nyuam, lawv yuav xav txhawb kom zoo tag nrho los ntawm kev yug me nyuam tus dev nrog rau lwm tus uas qhia tib yam zoo. Thiab qhov no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tus txheeb ze ze.
Nws tseem muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua yog tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov yeej nyob hauv cov ntshav raws li ntau tus yeej nyob hauv tib cov ntshav, qhov zoo dua cov pedigree rau yav tom ntej litters.
Txoj kev yug me nyuam no kuj tso cai rau tus me nyuam yug los "qhuav" qhov zoo thiab "tua tawm" qhov phem.
Cov dev "zoo meej" no tuaj yeem ua tau zoo hauv lub nplhaib ua yeeb yam, thiab lawv cov pedigree tuaj yeem nce nqi ntawm lawv cov khib nyiab. Thaum tshaj tawm lawv cov menyuam dev, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib tw pom hauv lawv cov ntshav yuav nce tus nqi, tsis hais lawv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev sib haum xeeb.
Coefficient of Inbreeding txhais li cas?
Peb tsis tuaj yeem sib tham txog kev yug me nyuam lossis kev yug me nyuam yam tsis tau saib ntawm coefficient of inbreeding (COI). Yog, science. Tab sis muaj kev nkag siab yooj yim ntawm lub tswv yim no yog qhov tsim nyog ua phem, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj txaus siab rau cov dev purebred.
Nws yog ib lo lus tseem ceeb uas yog siv los piav qhia tias ob kwv tij txheeb ze npaum li cas. Yog li, qhov siab dua qhov coefficient ntawm inbreeding (COI) yog, qhov kev sib raug zoo, thiab qhov sib txawv, qhov qis dua COI, qhov kev sib raug zoo ntau dua. Yog li, piv txwv li, kev sib raug zoo ntawm leej niam thiab tus tub yog 25% COI, thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tus kwv tij thawj zaug yog 6.25% COI.
Qee qhov COI ntau dua yog:
- Niam/tub: 25%
- Bro/sister: 25%
- Txiv/ntxhais: 25%
- Pawg/poj xeeb: 12.5%
- Ib tug kwv tij/ib tug muam: 12.5%
- Great-grandparent/great-grandchild: 6.25%
- Tus kwv tij/tus npawg thawj: 6.25%
Cov feem pua no qhia koj tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov dev raug bred thiab yog li qhov yuav ua rau tus dev mob. Nws tau paub tias qhov COI siab dua, qhov muaj feem ntau dua uas cov menyuam dev yuav tsim cov kab mob sib kis.
Lub 6 Qhov Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Kev Sib Raug Zoo
Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj vim li cas kev yug me nyuam / linebreeding tuaj yeem muaj qhov tshwm sim loj rau peb cov dev. Ib qho ntawm qhov phem tshaj plaws ntawm inbreeding yog tias qee zaum nws tuaj yeem siv ntau tiam neeg ua ntej qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm inbreeding tshwm sim. Tej zaum koj yuav xaus nrog litters nrog ntau dua li ib txwm muaj feem ntawm cov menyuam dev yug los lossis raug mob rau cov dev laus, uas tej zaum yuav los yog tsis yog cov khoom ntawm inbreeding, tab sis feem ntau yog.
1. Small Gene Pool
Thaum nws los txog rau cov dev purebred, cov noob caj noob ces tau me dua. Tus aub purebred tau sau npe ua purebred yog tias ob lub pas dej thiab tus sire tseem yog cov purebred, uas yuav rov qab mus txog thaum nrhiav yug.
Lwm yam ntawm cov npe purebred yog tias tsis yog cov gene pas me me xwb, tab sis lawv kuj feem ntau raug kaw. Lub pas gene kaw tshwm sim thaum cov dev purebred tsuas yog tso cai rau yug me nyuam nrog cov tsiaj uas twb muaj lawm yam tsis muaj kev qhia txog cov ntshav tshiab thiab cov khoom siv caj ces los ntawm ntau cov tsiaj noj qab haus huv.
2. Kev nyuaj siab
Txoj kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim thaum yug me nyuam ntau dhau ua rau txo qis fertility thiab tuag, thiab cov xeeb ntxwv yuav tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog. Nws tuaj yeem txo cov khib nyiab loj, ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, thiab cov dev yuav tsim kev kub ntxhov tsis zoo.
3. Teeb meem ntawm lub cev
Nrog kev yug me nyuam, peb tau txais dev zoo li Bulldog. Vim yog lawv qhov ntswg thawb, lawv feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ua pa nyuaj (Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome). Lwm qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim, xws li teeb meem nrog kev loj hlob qeeb thiab txawm tias muaj teeb meem nrog asymmetry, xws li ib lub qhov muag zaum siab dua lwm qhov.
4. Genetic Defects
Tseem muaj ntau hom tsiaj uas zoo li raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tib yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv li, Golden Retriever yog qhov ua rau lub duav thiab lub luj tshib dysplasia, Beagle yog predisposed rau kab mob plawv, thiab glaucoma yog txuam nrog Basset Hound.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tag nrho cov tsiaj no tau yug los ntev txaus los ua rau cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv no tshwm sim, yog li thaum koj yuav tus menyuam dev Golden Retriever, nws tsuas yog tsim hip dysplasia thaum nws loj hlob.
5. Shorter Lifespans
Thiab lwm qhov tshwm sim ntawm inbreeding yog tias purebred dev feem ntau muaj luv luv lifespan. Lub neej luv luv yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob caj ces uas tau hais los saum toj no uas tau kis mus rau cov dev tab sis kuj yog vim lawv feem ntau muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog. Inbred dev twb ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob vim tsis muaj zog.
6. Cov Kab Mob Ntau Ntxiv
Tus tsiaj yug tsawg, tus kab mob tsawg dua. Piv txwv li, ib tug coyote muaj 3 kab mob caj dab, miv muaj tshaj 300, thiab aub muaj tshaj 600! Vim tias kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov dev noj qab nyob zoo nrog cov kab mob sib tw no tseem raug kaw, cov kab mob no tau txais txiaj ntsig txuas ntxiv cuam tshuam rau cov purebreds.
Conclusion
Zoo siab tias tsab xov xwm no tau muab kev paub me ntsis rau koj txog qee qhov teeb meem tshwm sim nrog cov dev yug me nyuam. Ib qho nyiaj ntawm inbreeding yuav luag yog qhov tsim nyog yog tias peb xav khaws qee yam ntawm cov dev tshwj xeeb no nyob ib puag ncig, tab sis muaj teeb meem meej nyob ib puag ncig nws.
Kab mob, teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, tsis noj qab nyob zoo qub txeeg qub teg, me me litters, luv lifespans, txawm tsis zoo temperaments yog tag nrho cov teeb meem uas mus hand-in-tes nrog inbreeding.
Siv Coefficient of Inbreeding calculator ua ntej yug me nyuam dev yog ib txoj hauv kev los txiav txim seb ib qho kev sib tw yuav ua rau koj cov menyuam dev noj qab nyob zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, tsis yog tus dev noj qab nyob zoo nrog lub siab zoo ib txwm nyiam dua tus dev zoo uas muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv?
