Aub raug nab? Peb Vet piav qhia cov cim qhia, kev kho mob & Kev Tiv Thaiv

Cov txheej txheem:

Aub raug nab? Peb Vet piav qhia cov cim qhia, kev kho mob & Kev Tiv Thaiv
Aub raug nab? Peb Vet piav qhia cov cim qhia, kev kho mob & Kev Tiv Thaiv
Anonim

Thaum huab cua sov tuaj, nab yuav ua kom muaj zog thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm nab tom nce rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj ib yam nkaus. Kwv yees li ntawm 150, 000 tus tsiaj raug tua los ntawm cov nab venomous txhua xyoo hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab feem ntau yog dev thiab miv. Ib tug tom los ntawm ib tug venomous nab yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev. Kev saib xyuas kws kho tsiaj tam sim ntawd yuav tsum tau muab rau koj tus dev kom muaj txoj sia nyob zoo tshaj. Cov nab uas tsis muaj venomous tom, txawm tias tsis tshua muaj neeg tuag, tseem xav tau mus ntsib kws kho tsiaj lub chaw haujlwm vim lawv ua rau mob o thiab tuaj yeem kis tau.

Venomous nab ntawm North America belongs rau ob tsev neeg loj:

  • Elapids – Coral nab (Southern US) yog tib hom nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas
  • Crotalids (Pit vipers) – Rattlesnakes, Copperheads, and Cottonmouths (Water Moccasins) yog hom kab mob ntau tshaj plaws

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias hom kab venomous twg muaj nyob hauv koj cheeb tsam, lossis thaj chaw uas koj npaj yuav mus ntsib koj tus dev. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas thaum muaj tus nab tom, yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tus dev raug tom, nrog rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv.

Yog tias koj tus dev raug nab tom, mus rau koj tus kws kho mob xwm txheej ceev tam sim ntawd. Yog tias ua tau, pib kev pab kho mob xwm txheej ceev ntawm txoj kev. Tom qab ntawd ua tib zoo ua txhua yam ntawm koj tus kws kho tsiaj cov lus qhia. Mus nyeem ntawv kom paub ntau ntxiv!

Puas yog nab tom dev?

Hmoov tsis zoo, lawv tuaj yeem nyob ntawm hom nab. Ntau tus nab venomous pom hauv Asmeskas tuaj yeem tua tau ob tus dev thiab miv. Tus nab tuag npaum li cas yog nyob ntawm hom nab thiab hom venom uas lawv nqa. Cov venoms sib txawv muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb thiab yuav cuam tshuam rau lub cev sib txawv.

Tus venom tau txais thaum lub sij hawm tom kuj yuav cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim thiab yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov loj thiab loj hlob ntawm tus nab. Kuj tseem muaj peev xwm ntawm tus dev tau txais 'qhuav tom', qhov twg tus nab tom yam tsis tau txhaj tshuaj. Cov dev feem ntau raug tom ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab, txawm li cas los xij, tom qhov txhab ntawm lub hauv siab thiab plab yuav ua rau tuag taus. Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no qhia tias nyob qhov twg ntawm 1-30% ntawm cov dev tuag tom qab raug tus nab venomous hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas.

Yog tias koj tus dev tau raug tus nab uas tsis yog venomous tom, cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog nqaij tawv thiab o. Qhov chaw tom tej zaum kuj yuav mob thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus kws kho tsiaj kuaj xyuas, ntxuav, thiab kho qhov txhab kom sai li sai tau.

Veterinary-Surgeon-Kho-Dog-In-Surgery_VP-Photo-Studio_shutterstock
Veterinary-Surgeon-Kho-Dog-In-Surgery_VP-Photo-Studio_shutterstock

Yuav ua li cas yog dev raug nab

1. Coj koj tus dev tam sim ntawd mus rau koj tus kws kho mob xwm txheej ceev tshaj plaws

Yog tias muaj tej yam uas koj tus dev raug tomvenomousNab qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tau ua yog nrhiav tus kws kho tsiaj sai sai. Yog koj ua taukev nyab xeeb hu rau koj tus kws kho tsiaj ntawm txoj kev no yuav pab tau vim lawv tuaj yeem teeb tsa thiab npaj rau koj tuaj txog.

Cov chaw ceev xwm txheej ceev nrog kev saib xyuas 24-teev feem ntau yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los daws cov venomous nab tom. Koj tus kws kho tsiaj tuaj yeem nug koj hauv xov tooj yog tias koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas hom nab uas tua koj tus dev. Tsis txhob sim ntes lossis tua tus nab venomous li koj yuav raug tom hauv tus txheej txheem - nws muaj kev nyab xeeb dua hu rau Tsiaj Tswjhwm.

2. Pib kev pab kho mob xwm txheej ceev ntawm txoj kev

Muaj qee cov kauj ruam uas koj tuaj yeem ua kom txo tau cov venom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog coj koj tus dev mus rau kws kho tsiaj sai li sai tau, yog li cov kauj ruam no tsuas yog siv rau ntawm txoj kev yog tias nws yuav tsis ua rau koj qeeb.

Do:

  • Nqa koj tus dev mus rau lub tsheb yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua tau yam xyuam xim
  • Tsim kom koj tus dev nyob twj ywm thiab nyob ntsiag to
  • Sim ua kom qhov chaw tom kom qis dua theem ntawm lub plawv kom txo cov ntshav mus rau thaj chaw. Qhov no ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kawg, piv txwv li, tus nab tom ntawm lub paw.
  • Xav siv lub pob tawb yog tias koj tus dev mob, vim lawv yuav tom thaum tsiv

Tsis txhob:

  • Thov compresses lossis ntaub qhwv qhov chaw
  • Tau ntxais tawm venom
  • Nyob lub sij hawm sim nrhiav tom qhov txhab yog tias lawv tsis pom tseeb
  • Muab Benadryl (diphenhydramine) - nws tsis zoo rau cov teebmeem ntawm nab venom

3. Ua raws li cov lus qhia tawm kom zoo

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua raws li tag nrho cov lus qhia uas tau muab rau koj los ntawm koj tus kws kho tsiaj thaum koj tus dev tuaj txog tsev tom qab raug kho rau tus nab tom. Koj tus dev feem ntau yuav tsum tau so nruj thiab saib xyuas kom zoo rau ob lub lis piam tom ntej.

Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov nrawm dua thiab cuam tshuam yog tias koj tus dev raug nab venomous. Thaum soj ntsuam nrog cov tsis-venomous nab tom, nws tseem ceeb heev kom tiv tauj ib tug kws kho tsiaj kom lub qhov txhab tom yuav kho kom haum. Saib xyuas nqa koj tus dev mus rau hauv lub tsheb vim lawv yuav mob.

Dab tsi yog qhov cim ntawm nab tom ntawm aub?

Qee zaum, cov tswv tsiaj pom lawv cov dev raug tom los yog cuam tshuam nrog nab. Tej zaum koj kuj yuav pom ib tus nab tuag zom zaws ntawm koj lub tsev, lossis pom koj tus dev uas qhia cov cim qhia.

Tsis txhob xav tias vim tsis muaj qhov txhab los yog cov cim uas koj tus dev tsis raug tom. Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj nrhiav tau tus nab tom los ntawm koj tus dev pluab. Qee zaum, koj tuaj yeem pom cov qhov txhab me me los ntawm tus nab lub qhov txhab thiab lub qhov txhab tuaj yeem o lossis los ntshav.

Venomous Pit Viper (Crotalid) hom xws li Rattlesnakes, Copperheads, thiab Cottonmouths yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg puag ncig thaum lawv tom. Cov tawv nqaij feem ntau yuav tig liab doog thiab tso cov kua dej tsaus nti hauv ib teev.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim los yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus nab venomous tom yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb hom nab uas tom koj tus dev. Cov paib no tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsawg dua ib teev tom qab tau txais qhov tom tab sis tuaj yeem muaj qhov pib qeeb. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj lom los ntawm Coral nab venom tuaj yeem siv sijhawm txog 18 teev kom tshwm sim hauv qee kis.

Cov tsos mob uas yuav tshwm sim tom qab ib tug venomous nab tom yog:

  • Sudden tsis muaj zog lossis qaug zog
  • Muscle tremors, co, or twitching
  • ntuav thiab raws plab
  • Tsis muaj zog thiab wobbly nraub qaum ceg
  • Ntsuab los yog ua npuas ncauj ntawm qhov ncauj
  • tso zis liab los yog ntshav liab
  • Dilated menyuam kawm ntawv
  • Paralysis
  • Kab los ntshav los ntawm qhov chaw tom

Nyob ntawm hom nab, cov tshuaj lom ntawm lawv cov venom ua rau lub cev sib txawv. Pit viper venom los ntawm cov tsiaj xws li Rattlesnakes thiab Cottonmouths ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas (necrosis), kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab (hemolysis), los ntshav (coagulopathy lossis ntshav txhaws), thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb, lub plawv, lub ntsws, thiab lub raum. Elapid venom los ntawm Coral nab feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb.

Ntawm los ntawm cov nab uas tsis muaj venomous feem ntau ua rau o, mob, thiab nqaij tawv ntawm qhov chaw tom. Lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo siab kis tus kab mob uas yog tso tseg tsis kho tuaj yeem kis mus rau cov hlab ntsha ua rau mob hnyav (sepsis).

Golden-retriever-dej-on-the-operating-room_Jaromiir-Chalabala_shutterstock
Golden-retriever-dej-on-the-operating-room_Jaromiir-Chalabala_shutterstock

Yuav ua li cas kho tus nab tom dev?

Vim nab

Ntshav nab tom yog qhov xwm txheej ceev tiag tiag, thiab kev kho kom tsim nyog yuav yog nyob ntawm hom nab. Koj tus kws kho tsiaj yuav ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav kom paub meej, ntsuas thiab saib xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm nab venom. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog kev kuaj ntshav, zis, thiab coagulation (ntshav txhaws).

Feem ntau, kev txhawb nqa hauv tsev kho mob yuav tsum tau kho tus nab venomous.

Kev kho mob muaj xws li:

  • Kev kho cov kua dej hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV drip) los kho kev poob siab thiab ntshav siab
  • pab mob
  • Cov tshuaj tua kab mob los kho txhua yam kab mob
  • Oxygen therapy
  • Muab tshuaj tua kab mob los yog tshuaj tua kab mob kom tsis txhob muaj nab venom

Thaum mob hnyav, kev kho mob kuj muaj xws li:

  • Muab koj tus dev tso rau ntawm lub tshuab ua pa yog tias lawv ua tsis taus pa zoo. Cov teebmeem ntawm qee tus nab venom tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg ua pa ua pa.
  • Kev ua ntshav ntshav thaum muaj ntshav poob los ntawm kev mob ntshav txhaws (coagulopathy).

Feem ntau, koj tus dev yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob tsawg kawg 24 teev thaum cov teebmeem ntawm tus nab venom raug kho. Qhov chaw tom yuav raug muab ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob los sim thiab tswj kev kis kab mob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas.

labrador-retriever-hauv-veterinary-clinic_Jaromir-Chalabala_shutterstock
labrador-retriever-hauv-veterinary-clinic_Jaromir-Chalabala_shutterstock

Non-venomous nab

Thaum nws los txog rau tus nab uas tsis muaj venomous tom, koj tus tsiaj yuav ua tib zoo ntxuav thiab tua cov kab mob thiab feem ntau yuav muab tshuaj tua kab mob los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, nrog rau kev kho mob. Kev kho mob zoo ib yam li 'qhuav-tom' los ntawm tus nab venomous, txawm li cas los xij, koj tus kws kho tsiaj yuav cia koj tus dev nyob hauv tsev kho mob thiab saib xyuas lawv zoo txog li 8-12 teev kom paub tseeb tias lawv tsis muaj cov cim qhia.

FAQs

Tus nqi kho tus aub npaum li cas rau tus nab tom?

Tus nqi kho tus nab tom yog qhov sib txawv heev nyob ntawm seb koj tus dev nyob hauv tsev kho mob ntev npaum li cas thiab kev kho mob lawv xav tau. Antivenom yog kim thiab tuaj yeem raug nqi ntawm $ 400-1000 ib lub vial, yog li koj daim nqi vet tuaj yeem yooj yim ntxiv txog li $ 1, 500-2, 000 sai heev. Qhov ntawd yog qhov xav tias koj tuaj yeem tau txais koj tus dev ncaj nraim mus rau tus kws kho tsiaj thiab lawv teb zoo rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsis muaj teeb meem loj.

Rau qhov mob 'qhuav-tom' los yog tom los ntawm tus nab uas tsis yog venomous, tej zaum koj yuav xav tau ib daim nqi ntawm $ 100-200 tab sis dua qhov no yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw kho mob thiab qhov loj ntawm koj tus dev (cov tshuaj rau cov dev loj thiab loj yuav kim dua).

Yog tias koj tus dev mob hnyav heev thiab xav tau ntau hnub ntawm kev saib xyuas hnyav, daim nqi yuav ntau dua los them cov nqi no. Xyuas kom koj tus tsiaj muaj kev pov hwm nrog txoj cai uas npog cov xwm txheej zoo li nab tom yog qhov pom zoo.

Yuav ua li cas kho tus nab tom tom tsev?

Ib lo lus, tsis txhob. Yog tias koj tus dev tau raug tus nab venomous tom, coj lawv tam sim ntawd mus rau koj tus kws kho mob xwm txheej ceev uas ze tshaj plaws rau kev kho mob. Muaj qee qhov kev pabcuam thawj zaug uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm txoj kev (saib saum toj). Tsis txhob muab rau koj tus dev Benadryl (diphenhydramine) uas tau dhau los ua kev kho mob hauv tsev rau nab tom - nws tseem ceeb heev.

Tus aub yuav ciaj sia ntev npaum li cas tom qab nab tom?

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus nab tom yog nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li hom nab, koob tshuaj venom tau txais, qhov loj ntawm tus dev, qhov chaw ntawm qhov tom, thiab pib kho tsiaj sai npaum li cas.

Yog tias kho tau zoo thiab tus dev rov zoo, lawv feem ntau ua tau zoo, txawm li cas los xij, qee kis ntawm Pit Viper (Crotalid) tom yuav muaj cov ntaub so ntswg puas tuaj yeem siv sij hawm ntau lub hlis los daws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj ua tib zoo ua raws li tag nrho cov lus qhia tawm los ntawm koj tus kws kho tsiaj thaum koj tus dev mus tsev. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1-30% ntawm cov dev tom los ntawm cov nab venomous hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tuag.

Dab puas muaj sia nyob tus nab tom yam tsis kho?

No-venomous nab tom muaj ib tug zoo heev prognosis rau ciaj sia taus thiab yuav tsum tau kho yooj yim los ntxuav lub qhov txhab kom zoo thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis tau, uas yuav ua rau koj tus dev mob.

Qhov kev mob tshwm sim zoo ib yam li 'qhuav-tom' los ntawm tus nab venomous, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev paub tias venom tau txhaj mus txog thaum lig dhau lawm. Yog tias koj tus dev tau raug tus nab venomous tom, qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau ua yog nrhiav kev kho mob sai. Cov neeg mob uas tau txais kev kho mob li ntawm 2 teev yuav muaj qhov pom zoo kom muaj sia nyob.

Siberian-husky-intravenous-infusion-drip_Konstantn-Zaykov_shutterstock
Siberian-husky-intravenous-infusion-drip_Konstantn-Zaykov_shutterstock

Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv kuv tus dev kom tsis txhob raug nab

Nab feem ntau yuav sim zam tib neeg thiab dev ib yam nkaus thiab yuav tom raws li kev tiv thaiv txheej txheem thaum raug hem. Kev tiv thaiv zoo dua li kev kho mob, yog li xav txog cov lus qhia hauv qab no los sim thiab txo txoj hauv kev uas koj tus dev raug tom.

Khaws koj tus dev ntawm txoj hlua khi thiab ua raws li txoj hauv kev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub hli sov. Hauv tsev, ua kom koj cov nyom luv luv thiab xyuas kom tsis muaj zaub mov tawm sab nraud thiab cov thoob khib nyiab ruaj ntseg kom tsis txhob muaj nas.

Tseem muaj cov chav qhia kev zam rau nab. Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov no yog khiav los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev coj cwj pwm thiab lawv cov kev cob qhia yog tsom rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev txhawb nqa zoo dua li kev rau txim!

Conclusion

Thaum tus nab tom nws zoo dua rau kev nyab xeeb dua kev thov txim. Yog tias koj tus dev raug tus nab venomous tom nws nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus nrhiav kev kho mob ceev ceev tam sim ntawd kom muab txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv txoj sia. Cov dev kuj tuaj yeem raug cov nab uas tsis yog venomous tom, uas yog qhov ua tsaug ntau dua qhov tuag taus tab sis tseem yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho tsiaj kom lub qhov txhab tuaj yeem ntxuav kom huv si kom tsis txhob kis kab mob.

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